1. Explain how coral reefs are formed. How do the tiny animals get their food? How do algae help the corals?
Corals are just small animals called polyps that look like sea lilies. They build a large skeleton out of calcium, and add to the whole skeleton complex by growing and dying.
The corals get food in many different ways. They usually reach their tentacles out of gaps in the skeleton to catch plankton at night. But, there are algae cells living inside the polyps, and they photosynthesize to make food for the coral.
2. Explain the difference between a host organism and a parasite.
A parasite is a creature like a leech which both use another organism to feed upon. The organisms they feed upon are called Hosts (I am NEVER going to a game show AGAIN :-D).
Corals are just small animals called polyps that look like sea lilies. They build a large skeleton out of calcium, and add to the whole skeleton complex by growing and dying.
The corals get food in many different ways. They usually reach their tentacles out of gaps in the skeleton to catch plankton at night. But, there are algae cells living inside the polyps, and they photosynthesize to make food for the coral.
2. Explain the difference between a host organism and a parasite.
A parasite is a creature like a leech which both use another organism to feed upon. The organisms they feed upon are called Hosts (I am NEVER going to a game show AGAIN :-D).
3. List two important traits of each of the following phyla:
4a. Create an underwater color community.
Freshwater
Saltwater
a. Poriferates (sponges) have pores which they take in food from. Also, they produce both sperm and eggs in one individual.
b. Cnidarians (jellyfish, hydras, anemone, and coral) all have a cavity in the middle of the animal, which uses the animals that drift into the cavity for food. All Cnidarians have a kind of tentacle, used to catch food.
c. Plathelminthes (flatworms) are the simplest animals that have organs. The have eye spots but no anus.
d. Nematodes (roundworms) are simple worms with a digestive system. These worms do have an anus.
e. Annelids (earthworms and leeches) have bodies that are divided into segments. Earth worms also have several hearts.
d. Mollusks (slugs & snails, limpets & clams, octopi & squid) all have a mantle (like the shell on a snail, or the overlap behind a squid's eyes). Mollusks also have a foot (like the bottom of a snail or the tentacles on a squid).
4a. Create an underwater color community.
Freshwater
Saltwater
EXAM
1. What does Porifera mean and how does it describe the anatomy of a sponge?
It means porous, and sponges are porous because they take in water, nutrients and small animals.
It means porous, and sponges are porous because they take in water, nutrients and small animals.
2. Why do members of the Cnidaria phylum have tentacles that contain stinging cells? How do they use the stinging cells?
Because they use their tentacles to ensnare prey. If the prey is not stunned, it will just swim out and away. When an animal is touched, the nerves in the Cnidarian's tentacles react, and the stingers shoot out like harpoons. This paralyzes the animal so it can be sucked up by the tentacles.
Because they use their tentacles to ensnare prey. If the prey is not stunned, it will just swim out and away. When an animal is touched, the nerves in the Cnidarian's tentacles react, and the stingers shoot out like harpoons. This paralyzes the animal so it can be sucked up by the tentacles.
3. How do polyps (within coral reefs) get food from water? How do algae help the polyps?
Polyps reach tentacles out and catch passing zooplankton. They only do this at night, because at day, parrot fish or other baddies with eat their tentacles before they can hide them in their skeletons. Polyps collect algae for even more help. The algae lives inside the polyps and produces extra food through photosynthesis.
Polyps reach tentacles out and catch passing zooplankton. They only do this at night, because at day, parrot fish or other baddies with eat their tentacles before they can hide them in their skeletons. Polyps collect algae for even more help. The algae lives inside the polyps and produces extra food through photosynthesis.
4. What specific aspect of the behavior of many types of worms classifies them as parasites?
Parasites are organisms that live on or inside other animals. They use their body as a quarry, mining out blood, nutrients, or other sources of food.
Parasites are organisms that live on or inside other animals. They use their body as a quarry, mining out blood, nutrients, or other sources of food.
5. Name two ways in which earthworms are beneficial to other organisms.
(1) Food.
(2) Fertilization.
6. Name two common member so of the Mollusca phylum.
Squid and Snail.
Squid and Snail.
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